Nissan's electric vehicles rolling, especially electricity, not the electricity that turns on light bulbs or runs to add less I'm talking about spine, tingling, guzman, feeling that electrifies your body, and so it can be the simple win of leaving on time for your morning commute scoring the largest deal of your career. Nissan is continuously evolving and changing the game. Theory alleging vehicle engineering, because the electricity of their cars that only moves engines. It also moves the emotions of those who drive them to learn more about nissan's electric vehicle lineup visit, www dot, nissan usa, dot com and boost mobile passion determination, fuel what it means to get after ass, one, build their offers. Keeping in mind those who go. The extra mile loose mobile is pardonable champions from across the nation to empower with devices in service that won't break the bank joint boost mobile get after him. So

The boost mobile now and get a free samsung galaxy. Eight: twenty three: five g for power by america's largest five g networks: the offer details at boost mobile dakar terms and conditions apply It is time you read from the scrubbing in with beckett chilean tanya rad podcast. No, no real. When you get it it'll, say: ebay, authenticity, guarantee and you'll feel it. Maybe it's had turning handbag, a watch that says it all jewelry That makes you look like the jam sneakers and street where so fresh every step feels fly. Ebay gets it. So look for the blue check mark next the thing that you love and be confident that every inch stitch so and logo is checked by experts with ebay authenticity. Guarantee. You can trust that feeling a real is always in reach. Ensure your next purchase is the real deal visit either dot com for terms ever wonder what happened a family night, spoiler alert its

still here and its dominant and those switch, the stem you can get the whole family, exploring new worlds and all playing together. Take game night to the next level, with a nintendo switch. The stump get the family moving in nintendo, switch sport or challenge the kids to erase and mario cart. Eight deluxe go soon: nintendo dot com and, browse the full lineup of nintendo switch systems to find the right fit for your family. Additional accessories may be required for multiplayer mood games systems in some accessories sold separately. Games raided ie to eat Ten plus happy saturday, since the guano islands act came up on the show. Recently we thought we would loop back to our past episode on leicester, Hemingway, which has a connection to it. It also reminded Tracy a little bit of our recent episode on Emily sergeant, in that we know so much about her brother and have so little detail on her. It's kind of the scoop with lester in earnest yeah. So this originally came out february. Twenty fourth twenty points

enjoy. Welcome to stuff. You missed in history class, a production I heart, radio hello and welcome to the podcast, I'm holly fry and I'm tracey. If you will said Tracy everybody's heard the name Ernest hemingway, maybe most people who have at least heard of him. They may not have read his work, or maybe they did in his life, pretty well known and well documented, because he was so famous even in his own time, but his other is another story but lester, and that is felt the same way that the city of england is spelt, but it has pronounced lester. Similarly much younger than his famous Lange has quite a story of his own and it is, as you'll see a life very much lived. In relation to his brother in some ways his identity growing up was I'm Hemingway's little brother. We're going

talk about the biography that he wrote about earnest in really anything about himself. Is through the lens of how his brother influenced hammer, how it related to his brother. It really was not until after ernest hemingway death, the lester made his boldest moves in life and we're gonna talk about all that as a heads up as you may or may not know. If you know any details about Hemingway's life and the hemingway family, they are going to be several instances of suicide that we talk about in today show not in great detail, but they do come up as elements that happen along the way. So in leicester was born on April first nineteen fifteen, his brother earnest, who would become

I'm. Just wildly famous was already sixteen years old. The family was living in the oak park suburb of Chicago. At the time, the oldest of the hemingway siblings was their sister marshalling who was born a year before earnest in eighteen. Ninety eight, they also had to more sisters, ursula born in nineteen o two and madeline, who was called sunny born in nineteen o for another daughter, carol came along and nineteen eleven, so There was the baby of the family. Also unplanned his father was clarence, edmunds, Hemingway and his mother was grace earnest in hall. The hemingway's worshipped. fears of the arts and of missionary efforts and clearance founded the local After of the magazine society, which was focused on collecting and studying natural objects, they are also very interested in science. In the natural world, clearance was a doctor and he worked for several insurance companies as their medical examiner, while also leading the obstetrics department at oak park hospital there's a mom.

in the biography. Lester wrote that he was also working for a dairy as like their physical exam guy for their employees, and grace had been on the cusp of what could have potentially ban a pretty successful career is a singer when she decided to give that up, and instead Mary clarence and start a family, and that is something that, according to lester nang, did her for the rest of her life. She wondered what could have been according to the lesters biography of his brother, which will talk about later. An episode earnest was very much a father figure to his much younger sibling. Earnest did every thing from changing lesters diapers, the teaching him how to shoot and fish and fight the also gave us little brother, one of a lot of mc names that he would use throughout the relationship that was the baron grace was also assisted by a number of nurses and servants. She was not particularly interested in the more domestic aspects: the family life they were able to afford help sometimes hiring students on summer breaks too.

assist to them here. Grace was not so interested in cooking in housework em I mean, if you can afford help to do that. You don't like to do it. Go In his very young years, lester saw his older brother start his career as a writer taking his first job as a police reporter at the Kansas city star through a family connection. And then earnest moved quickly onto joining the american red cross field service too. join the war effort during world war. One earnest had actually wanted to go straight into the war from school, but their father, forbade it

It is very clear, through all of this, and really the entire biography that he wrote that lester idolized his big brother earnest was injured by a mortar shell while distributing cigarettes and chocolate to the men on the front lines and italy during the war, he managed to carry an injured soldier on his back to the aid station before he passed out, and that was a feat that was made even more impressive because he was hit by two bullets from machine gun along the way his leg said also taken most of the blast from the mortar for years. This incident grew in its telling in public circles, something that earnest seem to even encourage in not correcting any of them, but Mr in writing about it, set the record straight than his brother had not taken hundreds of bullets to the growing or had any and a mental or emotional break down. As a result of this incident, earnest later referenced a kind of fuelled this room.

that his genitalia had been irreversibly injured in the writing of his character jake in his novel, the sentinels arises, so he definitely kind of it wade, the oversized versions of this story that went around earnest was seriously injured and he required several months to recover, but he did return home. He was hailed as a war hero and lester would later right of it quote. It was pretty glorious stuff being kid brother to the guy, who had personally helped make the world safer democracy when earnest and his first wife, Hadley richardson travel to europe. Lester wrote him what he described as fan mail. That struck me as so interesting that he calls at that, but clearly very during his brother in the fall of nineteen. Twenty six lesters grandfather on the hemingway side passed away, and it was the First of many events that culminated in a depression for their father clearance. Soon after earnest wrote till the family that he and his wife

separated amicably and they were getting a divorce. This was something clarence was very upset by he told lester. Who is just a little over eleven years old at the time quote. You know, of course, that your brother has brought great on the family by divorcing hadley. Don't you earn rapid second marriage to Pauline five he became pregnant soon after the wedding was another blow. Even there, hemingway's loved pauline and were happy to welcome any grandchild, earnest sort of insulted his father, who, as we said earlier, was an object attrition by asking kind of pointed questions about the quality of the hospital. Where you working, both he and Pauline try to decide where they are going to have the baby yards interest there is a letter in this biography that lester publishes, he doesn't publish any of his brothers letters which will talk about in a moment, but the letter that clear It's throw back to him is very polite, any kind of

is like oh yeah. The hospitals here right not do for you, maybe you'd, be better off having the baby elsewhere in it sounds very polite and not upset, but lester is very clear that his father was really injured and heartbroken that the quality of the care that he was part it was a question in this way. Additionally, there was some ongoing strife between earnest in clearance, even though his eldest son was making a name for himself as a writer and was lost as one of the great literary voices of the time by this point, clearance and grace just didn't, understand earnest work and they often did not like it when they read it that coupled with their ongoing dismay about earnest life choices, had really put a strain on the father. Son relationship, then, is nineteen. Twenty eight played out clearance had to run a bad luck. He had invested in property in florida planning it as a retirement destination, but then the bottom dropped out of the real estate market. In florida

the property was significantly devalued. The hemingway's owed a lot more on it. Then it was worth and clearance was not going to be able to set up a retirement practice. Their several months later clearance was diagnosed with diabetes. This was something he had suspected for a while, but he had put off and tested one of those that cobblers children have no shoe situation. He is one of those doctors that did not want to go to the doktor. These hence all accumulated in leicester, described in his writing clearance, having a quote seriously

it's a morale, and it was something he also called an emotional illness. On the morning of December six, nineteen twenty eight clearance burned a few of his personal items and papers. Then he retired to an upstairs bedroom and he shot himself in the midst of the households, grief and turmoil. Ernest had travelled in to manage the funeral arrangements and some other business. He told lester who at this point, was thirteen that a he should not cry that the hemingway's did not cry just kind of a horrible emotional burden to give a kid and b that he wanted lester to get the gun that their father had used to end his life from the police and have it shipped to him. Ernest Hemingway wanted that weapon.

So you might think that something like that would sour the younger brothers admiration for his older sibling. But this was not the case at all. A few years later, as the movie adaptation of the sun also arises, was coming out. Lester visited his big brother and pigott arkansas, where Pauline family lived. It went, saw the movie and reported back about it to earnest and then went hunting with him, and this whole trip in Lesters account reads as though ernie was keenly aware that his brother needed somebody to step into the shoes of their late father and the two of them talked about their family. Earnest made sure that lester, headed money yeah! It's interesting! Earnest did not want to go, see the movie, but he did wanna hear if it was ok. So that's why he sent his This relationship to be clear was also something that benefited earnest. He really liked having some and in his life that looked up to him. Lester later

quote earnest was never very content with life unless he had a spiritual kid brother nearby, he needed someone. He could show off too, as well as teach. He knew, it uncritical admiration. If the kid brother could, though, a little worshipful. Ah, that was a distinct aid in the relationship. I made a good kid brother when I was around, but I couldn't be around regularly all talk more about the relationship between the Hemingway brothers as lester grew into adulthood. After we take a quick sponsor break, this episode is brought to you by capital when you don't need special gadgets to be a hero with unlimited one point: five percent cash back on every purchase everywhere. The cap, A one quicksilver card makes you the hero of every purchase, whether its headphones allowed chair or even a well deserved, massage. Whatever the quicksilver purchase, your the hero, no fighting bad guys getting an epic cards

This is, or parachuting out of buildings required, simple: isn't it the capital one quicksilver card? What's in your wallet term supply see capital one dot com for details? This episode of stuffy, miss than history class, is brought to you by nintendo added know about you, but the holidays. sneaking up on me faster than a blue shell chasing mario, and if you are like me, you are always on the lookout for something fun to do with the people in your life than in tenders switch system is the ultimate hub of adventure and, of course, fund and its home to mario and all of his pals. When I was a kid, what are my cousins had one of the earliest nintendo systems and playing on? That was the thing we wanted to do at every family gathering and now, as an adult mine and tenders, which system brings me so much joy, so much joy and so many games. I love to play and here's the exciting part. You can take that mario magic to a whole new level with two fantastic nintendo switch system games that will

our game night, into a super adventure like the super mario brothers, wonder game. It's like mario game play has gone through a whole other level with the addition of wonder flowers, game, changing items that trigger spectacular moments. You have to see to believe that, of course, new power up said bore surprises than ever before. Oh, let's not forget the mario cart, eight deluxe game. It's an absolute blast picture. This your favorite characters, heart pounding races. enough bananas to make you feel like you're running a fruit stand you'll, be saying mama with every twist and turn whether your teaming up with mario conquering new worlds or facing off in a high speed, cart race. The nintendo switch system is your ticket to endless fun power up your family's arm this holiday season with an nintendo switch a stump, a hope of mario and friends jump into the unexpected, with mario peach and more in super mario brothers, wonder or Once the kids to erase than mario cart, eight deluxe goaded intent.

though, dot com and browse the full lineup of nintendo switch systems to find the right bit for your family. Additional accessories may be required for multiplayer mood, games systems and some accessories sold separately. Games raided ii for everyone. they boost mobile passion and determination, fuel what it means to get after it. That's why they build their offers, keeping in mind those go. The extra mile whose mobile is partnered with champions from across the nation, to empower you, devices and servants they won't break the bank join blue smoke get after him boost mode was partnering with people. You already know and love like the, Is jason, revere, wrapper, singers songwriter to see and professional skate border in olympic athletes leads maria provide to highlight Do you need tablets, inspiring journeys and how boost mobile help them continue to get after it boost mobile knows the importance of shining a spotlight on the neighborhood, kids and showing,

now for the communities. Therein is time to join boost mobile get after it switched to boost mobile today and get a free samsung galaxy. Eight, twenty three: five g phone powered by america's largest five g networks: new customers, only taxes extra one device per line; five g, not available everywhere. Other restrictions apply to check out the full offer details at boost mobile dot com. The terms and conditions apply, it's hard to narrow it down to just a few things to love about the holidays, one I know a little secret, the home deeper, has the holidays covered and that include It's bigger and bolder holiday decor at amazing prices from a perfectly the tree to a wonderfully design, fireplace to some of the most funding core ever yard. Inflatable, like the home depots, nine foot, grinch stealing christmas inflatable. nine feet of amazing? How amazing you ask people

driving by your house really slowly just take a picture. that's how amazing, while a nine put grinch inflatable is stealing christmas. You'll be stealing the show in your neighborhood and offer an amazing price so get to the home depot this holiday season, you're going who plays to get holiday, ready. The as the years went on, lester and earnest remained close. Although other friends filled that kid brother role for the writer when lester was busy with school, younger brother, joined his brother on the sea and key west. When the novelist took delivery of his famous fishing boat pillar in nineteen. Thirty four enduring there sat on the water they continued their long talks. This is something that they would do for years and years. It was a board pillar that they discussed the fact. that lester also wanted to be a professional writer. Just like his elder brother.

The shared knowledge that anything the younger hemingway wrote would be compared to earnest work everything you do earnest told his brother. say you're writing on my reputation. You know that don't you ultimately earnest was supportive of lesters desire to write and told him. He could give him some advice. He did not want to help him in any way beyond that over the years he offered up some tips like. If you can't make up stories, you shouldn't try to write a real one, remembered as always sort of flat compared to have made up one yeah perfectly happy to de la device, but he didn't want anybody to be able to say that lester haddan earned his place as a writer who else advised that lester should do what he had done, which will start out in newspapers. He felt like that.

a really good way to develop your own voice and also to basically like get in the habit of having to write all the time whether you felt like it or not, and that was precisely what the younger having Lee brother did in nineteen thirty five lester started working for the chicago daily news: writing regional news and fielding questions from his coworkers about his famous brother and nineteen. Fifty three, almost twenty years after the two brothers had started talking about lester becoming a writer. He published his first novel, the sound of the trumpet, and that was based on his experiences in europe. During the second world war, it was compared in the press to to Ernest's work and often was deemed terrain. But if and heavily influenced by ernest hemingway, lester wrote several other books that also existed, but when unpublished, we didn't mention that he went to europe during the second world war and there's a reason which is that lesters life

not document fib in any way, as well as his brothers. It kind of comes up in these these the oh. Yes, of course, they went to Europe. It was in my book, but he's so busy, always capturing his brothers life that he never really seem to record a lot about his own lester, for example, married twice. I couldn't tell you the dates, because I could not find them. Despite looking around very energetically about it. His first wife was patricia shed. The couple had two sons together, peter and Jacob. We went by Jake, although that marriage did not last he next Mary doris made dunning a marriage which produce two daughters and an hilary, and he was married, two doors for the rest of his life, so doc, Hunting ernest hemingway life was something that Lesters head was as brothers idea. Harrassed wanted quote somebody here, We knew me to write a book about me and lester took up that challenge. Writing about his brothers quote absolute integrity, both emotional and aesthetic,

The famous hemingway did not want a biography to be published about him while he was still alive so lester who worked on the project for some time just held onto that manuscript on July, so in nineteen sixty one ernest hemingway was found dead in the fire of the home in idaho that he shared with his fourth wife, Mary, the obituary which raymond the new york times printed. Mary statement quote: Mr Hemingway accidentally killed himself while cleaning a gun this morning at seven thirty, a m no time has been set for the funeral services, which will be private but the obituary also noted that earn had been treated at the mayo clinic in recent months and quoted a friend of the authors from the police force as saying that friends had relayed that in the time leading up to his death, Hemingway quote: looked thinner and acted.

Pressed. The coroner also gave a quote in this obituary story. That stated quote. I can only say at this stage that the wound was self inflicted. The wound was in the head. I couldn't say it was accidental and I couldn't say it was suicide. There wasn't anybody. There. Lesters book was published eight months after earnest, stealth titled, simply my brother, Ernest hemingway, and it was dedicated to his wife, doris. The opening of the book offer so much insight, the reverence for earnest that his brother had it reads quote the conversations recorded in this biography are as accurate as I can make them. I did not have a tape recorder and I do not possess total reach. But my own notes, ships Ugh and memory enabled me to reproduce many conversations. Writing dialogue. Earnest polished, edited and was the supreme master of this art

in presenting earnest conversations. I have been mindful of the obligations of a brother, a friend and biographer. Earnest did not favour the publication of his letter, so they have not and reproduced here he regarded all biographies as unlucky during the subject's lifetime. Yet, at the end of the last letter I had from him he wished me luck with this book. Lester acknowledged the version of his brother's death that ernest's wife, Mary had shared with the press that it may have been an accident rather than an intentional effort to end his own life, but lester also attributes full intention to his brother's actions. He wrote really candidly about his brother's depression, his sadness at having lost several friends and during that time, at the a clinic he was undergoing electroshock treatments. He also notes in the text the earnest was, unlike any author before him, mourned globally, as though he had been a statesman rather than a writer lesters biography of

brother was well received and it is still read today by hemingway enthusiasts and it is definitely an adoring picture of the man and it is fill with a lot of stories about them. Hunting and fishing together a lot of details regarding all of that, not the best reed for people who might be squeamish about the details of such activities. Ok, so we're going to go ahead and stop for a sponsor break, because after his brothers iconic life had ended, lester may have some really bold decisions of his own. You will get to that right after a sponsor rake brought to you by the capital, one venture ex card, when you book through capital when travel using the venture ex card, you earn ten ex miles on hotels and

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No, I don't know about you, but the holidays are sneaking up on me faster than a blue shell chasing mario, and if you are like me, you were always on the lookout for something fun to do with the people in your life than intend. Their switch system is the ultimate hub of adventure and, of course, fund and its home to mario and all of his pals. When I was a kid, what are my cousins had one of the earliest nintendo systems and playing on? That was the thing we wanted to do at every family gathering and now, as an adult mine and tenders, which system brings me so much joy, so much joy and so many games. I love to play and here's the exciting part. You can take that mario magic to a whole new level with two fantastic nintendo switch system games that will

current game night into a super adventure like the super mario brothers, wonder game. It's like mario game play has gone through a whole other level. With the addition of wonder flowers, game, changing items that trigger spectacular moments, you have to see to believe that, of course, new power up said more surprises than ever before. Oh, let's not forget the mario cart, eight deluxe game. It's an absolute blast picture this your favorite characters, heart pounding, races, enough bananas to make you feel like you're running a fruit stand you'll, be saying, mama media with every twist and turn whether your teaming up with mario conquering new worlds or facing off in a high speed, cart race. The nintendo switch system is your ticket to endless fun power up your family time. This holiday season with the nintendo switch this dump the home of mario and friends, jump into the unexpected, with mario peach and more in super mario brothers. Wonder or I want the kids to erase and mario cart, eight deluxe goaded and

though, dot com and browse the full lineup of nintendo switch systems to find the right bit for your family. Additional accessories may be required for multiplayer mood, games systems and some accessories sold separately. Games raided ii for everyone. The boost, mobile and passion and determination fuel what it means to get after it. That's why they built their offers, keeping in mind those who go. The extra mile who's mobile has partnered with champions from across the nation to empower you, devices and servants, they won't break the bank joint blue smoke in kid after it boosts more it was pardoning with people you already know and love like the stacy revere, wrapper singers, songwriter to see and professional skate border and olympic athletes. Maria bravado to highlight, their unique talents inspiring journeys and how boost mobile help them continue to get after it boost mobile knows the importance of shining a spotlight on the neighborhood kids and show

enough for the communities, the area and it's time to join boost mobile get after it switched to boost mobile today and get a free, samsung galaxy. Eight. Twenty three: five g phone powered by america's largest five g networks: new customers, only taxes extra one device per line; five g, not available everywhere. Other restrictions apply check out the full offer details at boost mobile dot com, the terms and conditions apply. it's hard to narrow it down to just a few things to love about the holidays, want to know a little secret, the homeless, who has the holidays covered and that in bigger and bolder holiday, decor at amazing prices from a perfectly Let tree to a wonderfully design, fireplace to some of the most funding core ever yard. Inflatable, like the home depots, nine foot, grinch stealing christmas, inflatable nine feet of amazing, how amazing you ask people

be driving by your house really slowly just to take a picture That's how amazing, while a night foot grinch inflatable is stealing christmas, you'll be stealing the show in your neighborhood and offer an amazing price so get to the home depot this holiday season. You go to place to get holiday ready. Ok does gonna sound like we edited two different signal, because it's a little bit of attract job, but we have to pause for a moment here. in the story of leicester, Hemingway's life. We did not added to episodes together accidentally to discuss bird poop before synthetic fertilizers were commercially produced in any kind of cost, effective way. The name of the game. soil fertilisation was guano. All kinds of natural fertilizers had been used since the beginning of time. Manure compost,

River cells have all been used to enrich soil to produce crops for centuries. Now we we talked about some of this and our episode on the discovery of phosphorus, yeah and a guano. In this case, seabird excrement rather than bats, was used in the andes and the peruvian coast, as well as other areas to enrich the soil. They became really coveted by a lot of countries in the nineteenth century, and this is a significant part of several conflicts. The first and second wars of the pacific, which started in an eighteen, sixty, four and eighteen. Seventy nine respectively, were fought over occupation and exploitation. South american territories that we're rich him a lot of resources, one of them being guano, but before either of those conflicts in eighteen. Fifty, six, the? U S, congress, pasties guano islands act seabirds, particularly in places where their colonies have been allowed to flourish without humans. Getting in the way produce a lot of very rich

analyzer, the. U s and the eighteen fifties did not have a whole lot of islands with productive seaboard populations to fill this need. So this federal law was intended to generate territory that would give them access to this natural resource backs. Opening reads as follows: quote: whenever any citizen of the united states discover the deposit of gwan. I want any island, Iraq or key, not within the lawful jurisdiction of any other government and not occupied by the citizens of any other government and takes peaceable possession thereof and occupies the same such island, rock or key may at the discretion of the president be considered as appertaining to the united states. According to this act, the discoverer of such a spot is required to notify the department of state of the possession, and provide proof that all of the conditions of the law are met. If the person who discovers the guano resource were to die before the all, this paperwork and proof

can cure of his widow or errors can follow through, and they will get credit for the discovery, as well as rights to live there. On this. This is declared land and to harvest and self one of their the claimed land and guano shipment is also to be protected by the. U s- and I am using present tense language here- because this federal law still stands. We're gonna get back to this bird flu, but for a moment we're gonna go back to lester hemingway the bubble. patient of my brother, Ernest Hemingway made a bit of money for lester and he had some plans for how to use it. He had gotten twenty five thousand dollars from playboy magazine to publish the story as a cereal and the biography was really successful, eventually being translated into eleven languages, everyone it seemed wanted the inside story of Hemingway family and its most famous member on July. Fourth, nineteen sixty four lester hemingway took all of the proceeds from the book.

And made his own history by creating his own country, he floated a raft made of bamboo. It was also fortified will talk about that in a minute to a spot, eight miles as twelve point eight kilometres to the south west of jamaica, making that international waters, the raft which was eight by thirty feet or two point four by nine point. One meters was then anchored with afford engine block. It was fortified with pipes and steel and lester Hemingway declared that this raft was an island. He further claimed that half of this island was the brand new country of new atlantis, but the Other half you said was claimed for the united states under the guano islands, act which that point was more than a hundred years old. The guano islands act made it possible for lester to gain the protection of the. U s government over his new country, simply because his man made island was so small,

There would be no way to really coordinate off as two separate entities in any sort of practical sense, so he wrote a constitution for new Atlantis sort of actually just use the exact wording of the u s constitution, but he subdued the name new atlantis everywhere. The original document had said united states. Seven After claiming this new territory, which was a republic lester held elections, resident voters of new Atlantis were lester, his wife doris there, two daughters, pr specialists, edward moss and Julia Fellini who was master's assistant lester was elected president in a unanimous vote and then all of this, the declaration of new atlantis, the elections leicester's constitution, all of that was covered in the press. Leicester gave quotes to reporters that his new country was peaceful and had no intention of threatening it's neighbors and that he did not know of any

ah forbidding starting your own country, and I believe we should also note that two of the constituents who voted in the presidential election, his daughters, were the little kids So voting rights were converted a very young age. There was also currency for new atlantis, which was in case you're, wondering named after the Francis bacon idea. New Atlantis commerce was done in scruples, which appeared to be just item scavenge from the sees fishhooks and sharp teeth, etc. The joke there is that lester Hemingway thought that if you were rich, you should have a lot of scruples. you could not gamble, though anew at length, as that was verboten against the law. The Lesters wife, doris stitched, the country's flag, which featured a gold equal, lateral triangle, pointing down on a royal blue background.

It also had a circle of royal blue in the center of the triangle. There were actually several of these flags because some had blown away in the wind and went on there is one remaining to this day, and then there were the stamps new Atlantis designed print and sold stamps at five different values. President Lyndon Johnson was featured on the one hundred sent stamp, which resulted in a thank you note from the white house. In all of this sounds a little bit silly, it is easy to imagine that an eccentric with a bit of privilege- and some money was just mucking around with this idea of starting a country or that it was some sort of publicity stunt for his right. Any did admit that he was motivated by fun and the desire to see if he could make money off of starting a new government. There was also a scientific goal for the fledgling republic of new Atlantis.

Lester Hemingway wanted the island to become home to the international marine research society. They could do science work there and for sales of stamps to finance that endeavour and he also wanted his country in any money that they made out of stem cells to be used to protect nearby fishing resources in the autumn of nineteen. Sixty five lester worked whereby a librarian at the university of texas, humanity's research centre in Austin, to create and exhibit about his new country, including what may be the only copy of the constitution as well as a number of other artifacts. This collection remains at the university of taxes that austin harry ransom, humanity's research centre. Yes, some of those pieces, they have photographs of I'm but new atlantis, you may have noticed you don't have to memorize it in a list of countries, and that is of course it was. A short lived project

its demise was not that the universal postal union refuses to acknowledge its stamps, although that was a very real problem, but the culprit here was nature itself. New Atlantis, which lester had been hoping to expand and further fortify was destroyed in a storm in nineteen sixty six before he could make improvements on it. After the demise of his little country lester continued to write, he started working as a freelance journalist writing about fishing and outdoors activities. He had learned about from his brother. He wrote for various periodicals and also started his own news letter, the bimini out island news, which he described as the smallest newspaper in the world

yeah in one quote. He said something like you would need two copies to wrap a piece of fish says very little as he age lester, also let his beard grow out and to a lot of people. He started to look like the spitting image of his deceased brother during this time. In his mid sixties, lester had a heart attack and then was diagnosed with diabetes, which led to a number of surgeries, including having artificial arteries put into his legs. His health continued to decline and his doctors, noting his poor circulation, suggests that he have both of his legs amputated. This was more than he was willing to consider and like his father and his brother before him, Lester Hemingway's medical issues brought on depression and at the age of sixty seven and sept, number of nineteen eighty two lester hemingway ended his life by a self inflicted gunshot wound to the head. I am heard about lester until fairly recently, and I was immediately fascinated because it- The story of someone who seems very

he I don't know contented is the right word but comfortable living in the shadow of a much more famous sibling and, even the point that their willing to pursue the same career, knowing it will count against them in some ways. But then, once earnest is gone, lester does some really fascinating things of his own house. An interesting debate, and I think a lot of people don't know about him. I think people that are really under the hemingway's and their family history in an earnest probably have an inkling of him, but lester gets a little bit lost in the historical record. So that's what I wanted to talk about him, because I love the story of a an eccentric and I love the idea of starting one's own country up, even if it

it does not go tremendously well. It is such a fun idea, though, thanks so much for joining us on this saturday, since this episode is out of the archive, if you heard an email address or a facebook, you rl, or something similar over the course of the show that could be obsolete. Now, our current email address is history. Podcast at I heart radio dot com. You can find us all over social media at missed in history, and you can subscribe to our shadow on apple podcast, google podcast, the iheart radio app and wherever else he wasn't abad casts stuffy missed in history class, production of iheart radio for more bob cap. For my heart, radio visit by her radio haven't mancha or wherever you listen to your favorite, you ever wonder what happened a family,

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