Today, on something you should know, a lot of tv shows you watch are getting sped up without you, knowing theirs to video you ve just got to see, then why are so many geniuses and innovators, so weird and quirky, for example, make catholics of all the innovators I studied had so many of these characteristics dialed up to such an extreme. I mean he was actually a very weird guy, fascinating, weird, brilliant guy. Then some simple ways to make yourself a lot happier but you may not know about cats, their fascinating creatures. Whenever one thing, twenty brown, abbe tat tat is not brown at all. If you actually well from the cats for the campers bandit black, yellow black

So all the cats who look out there and see that are brown that are an optical illusion all boost today on something you should know, Are you currently enjoying the show on the stitched up? Then you need to know: sticker is going away on august, twenty nine yup going away as in conflict, guy's, dead, rest in peace dinner and thanks for fifteen years of service to the pod cast community, so switch to another pine cast out then follow this show their apple, spotify or wherever you listen. Something you should now fascinating into the world's top experts and practical advice you can use in your life today, something you should make her rather ass. I welcome I'm laughing because

This is like the twenty seventh time I've tried to court, this segment of the pied cast, and I'm just. I can't get It's it's raining outside is just one of those days, I'm not finding my group and then around I think it was around- take seventeen I mailed it. I got it all done and just before I was done my dog, happy, who sitting over on the couch a few feet away from me, he started barking and skirt. wanna, so maybe he'll hear this may be world. Maybe he'll hear take too, The aid which will be coming up shortly Today, we're gonna start with what you're watching on television and what you may not know is that a lot of the cave Networks are speeding up the programmes to allow for more commercial time, and while this isn't really new. It's a lot. or common than it used to be. What they're doing is they speeded up? They have this technology that speeds up the programme and could allow for up to two minutes

more of commercials per half hour now there's a youtube video that shows the difference between an actual seinfeld episode. The way it was originally produced, compare Two. I think it's tb. What tb as it does to it, to speed it up and the differ? is really amazing when you watch them side by side By doing this tb s frees up to more minutes of commercial time for every if our the process This is done a couple of ways. One way is to simply speed up the play back and then use pitch correction, software, so the voices don't sound like chipmunks. The other method is called time taylor. Essentially analyzes and then removes duplicate frames, a video and audio now the link to youtube. Video that shows the seinfeld episode side by side is in the show notes for this episode, We have a minute, I think you'd enjoy seeing it and look I got all the way the segment, and that is something you should know

when you look at the real giants of innovation, particularly in science and technology, you think about people, steve jobs, elon musk, Thomas edison, albert einstein, Madame fury and one of interesting things about those people is that they are or were more more than a little bit eccentric and corky every single one of them, even more trusting is that they share some of the exact same quirks. So why is that do you have to be an odd ball to be an innovative and what's the connection, white is being corky? Led to genius, or does it Melissa shilling is a professor of management and organization in new york, university, stern, school of management and she's author of a book called corky there marketable story of the traits, foibles and genius of breaks. innovators who changed the world. I melissa welcome

Having me, I'm really excited. Will me too as I've always wondered about this. We ve heard that many of these Eight innovators are oddballs really, and some of them are in difficult people to get along with, and so they geniuses, because their corky are they corky because their geniuses? What's that connection factor I would say, do not look for a causal relationship. in quirky and brilliance per se. Ah, what I would say is that some of the cork there, finding innovators, some of them do kava relationship with innovation, meaning they help to increase the likelihood of innovation, and some of them are side effects of other things that cause innovators to be innovative and that a lot of it was a real surprise to me when I was in the research I'll give you an example for the eight innovator they studied, where the exact same outfit every day or war, the exact same out that every day and we ve heard those stories about einstein.

And jobs wearing the same outfit. Every day it turned out being came and also where the exact same outfit every day, Marie curie war, the egg same outfit every day and ignore pressure and climate. Well, that's just a weird coincidence among weird people, because how could that possibly have any? relationship with innovation and there's been some people have argued that it's about decision fatigue, which basically means people using their mind, a lot don't want to waste, either mind on on choosing an outfit and that's part of it but actually more to it than that is so what I found that All the people that I studied had this really mark offensive separateness, meaning that they felt the sort of death and that good from the social world around them or like they didn't belong to the social world and to its rules, did not apply to them and that ends up being tremendously valuable for innovation, because these people the disregard accepted wisdom and

where able to challenge assumptions, and they were able to pursue ideas even in the face of criticism and failure, because they were used to not fitting in so they didn't have any pressure, to where different close every day, and they were really focused on something else. wasn't a priority so, like being came in, for instance, one time somebody asked him He wears the same outfit every day. His response was always where work closed, when I'm working and if I'm awake, I'm working so before we go any further. Let's talk about who exactly you studied for this, a people that I major case studies of our being came and who invented the world. First, portable dialysis machine and the world force first drug infusion pump, but you probably norm for the subway steve jobs, elon musk, marie curie Nikola tesla, Benjamin franklin, albert

stein and thomas edison, but then I also talk about from other people in the book that I just didn't do major case studies about sufferance. I talk to them about their gay brain and grace hopper, Larry page, when you say quirky. Your definition of quirky is what my question we're really referring to try that are unusual solved care. Aristocrats shouldn't even use the word traits, because in psychology the word traits as a very specific meaning, that's heavily defended in that group. So I'm going to say characteristics that unusual characteristics and the interesting thing was that a lot of these innovators had characteristic in common that make them different from the which population. So it was unusual that they had these things in common, but I suspect- there are plenty of people who have all the quirks. These I have and more who have never done anything particularly exceptional or innovative.

And there are plenty of people who have done amazingly exceptional and innovative things who art corky. So it's not enough to have one of these characteristics and it's also not a given- that having all the characteristics will make you a serial breakthrough, innovator that someone hurdles to be sure, been lots of people who ve been cereal breakthrough innovators that we haven't heard up? There is also people who had cereal break you ideas, but were prevented from acting upon them by their circumstances. But if you look across the innovators that I studied some of the things they hadn't comment that appear to be really important. First of all, they were all extremely intelligent and they are all noted, riding exceptional memories and it's pretty easy. to understand why that would be important if you're gonna be a big technology or science innovator, they also had the sense of social separateness of of not belonging or being done.

Next it from the social world, so several of them in fact said that they loved humanity, but they didn't necessarily love humans or that they felt detached. I think I'm going to want to talk about that the most, but with theirs quotes the day. Almost the exact. I'm saying from elon musk Nikola tesla marie curie, so that what kind of fascinating to me they were also all of them, with the exception of Thomas edison, were keen. Idealistic and natural to be really important because they felt like they were pursuing. Some really intrinsically noble and import if the goal, and that goal was more important than their health and their comfort and their leisure sometimes more important than their family. So that provided an intense amount of motivation and focus for them, and it also provided the a form of ego defence, meaning that even You didn't like them or you criticise them or they had. You know embarrassing public failures they persisted on because they believe that the goal they were pursuing with more important than themselves

but what I really want to get out of here. I understand it that that these innovative types are eccentric and they have these quirks and everything, but lots of people quirks- and these guys probably had a lot of other quirks? But what's that interaction between the quirks of being corky, innovation. What's what? Where is it? Ok, so all of the characteristics that I end up and a fine in the book and that being things that you can understand. As cod innovation when you integrate them through the science of innovation, creativity and I'll. Give you a great example: Nikola tesla of all the leaders? I studied had so many these characteristics dialed, to such an extreme that you couldn't. I mean he was actually very well guy and a lot of ways: fascinating, weird, brilliant guy and once you noticed characteristics him that were really unusual, and you want started understand how they worked for him. Then I will you go and look for these characteristics

He suddenly discover that all of the innovative had them, but you haven't noticed so I'm gonna give you a great example: Nikola tesla didn't sleep very much. He slept at most two hours a night, a lotta nights, he didn't sleep at all. He had a lot of signs that would be dying, the criteria of mania so far and he had incredible sensitivity to stimuli lights. Would and his eyes and sounds- would sound deafening into the earth and he could feel vibrations of cars. Away. He struggled alot in his life because of this over sensitive distant stimuli and it's part of why he worked at night I also had you know, ideas that just loading premium were over. Well, meaning- and he had interesting bouts of exotic memory that we're like kaluza nations, though he had all the signs of a dope amene irregularity, elevated. Open mean, which is at the word mania, one or two, that will do is. Is it worth suppress the need for sleep at different from me

an insomniac like when you have insomnia, you feel tired, if you wish you could sleep, but someone with mania doesn't even feel tired. Right, though, for big stretches of catholic career he's, not sleeping is only sleeping a couple hours a night and it was really peculiar. But then I decided to go see if I could find data on how much the other innovators slept and if you really hunt for it, you can track this down. You can track it down in letters and you can track it down in autobiographies and what I ended up Nothing is that all but einstein, every one of them, but einstein slept dramatically less than the population average and I think that an interesting detail have been overlooked and tonight in common edison and being came and leaped about four hours. The night then came and still fleets about four hours, and I for my understanding, Marie curie never slept more than five hours a night elon musk, asleep six,

hours a night which, compared to the rest of the innovators, looks like a pretty generous amount, but the average population in the. U s leads eight and a half hours a night and of the global average of the if the economy is the one that sleeps the least, is Japan and basically seven and a half hours a night. So here you have this whole set of innovators and they all sleep less than the population. That would be a pretty bizarre coincidence, except that when you study I mean you suddenly realized wait. A minute dopamine have been repeatedly link to creativity. It's been repeatedly linked to effort and persistence. There are lots of reasons to think that modestly meda dopamine could at hand your like being an innovator. Melissa shilling is my guest. She is professor of management and organization at new york, university, stern, school of business, and her book is called corky, marketable story of the traits foibles ingenious of breakthrough.

innovators? Who changed the world? So much So what does all this mean? All these works and things that these people have a mean other than the fact that its fascinating that they all have them and that they all share some of the same quirks. So what so? What What does this mean to me? So one things you realize from studying this innovators is that if you really, people to reach their creative potential. They need to spend some time in solitude thinking and reading and writing. If we do everything in group activities are we do all of our brainstorming and teams. We're gonna lose a lot of the key to the creative potential of people, and it also means that for kids They need that downtime right. You there's been a lot of emphasis in the last decade. I'd say on on nurturing kid, this social skills and we tend to want to put them on soccer and glee club

and and all sorts of activities that would help them become charismatic and comfortable in groups. But it's important. I remember that kids need downtime too, and that's not prime playing video games or watching tv, it's time thinking and reflecting and reading and writing and basically having the time to form their own beliefs about how the world works. So that's that's an important one. Get one pertains to idealism. Listen, you know all of these. Oh, who achieved great things, were fighting for something really really believed in and so consciously cultivating some of grand ambition could be incredibly important, we want to have a moon of your own. You have two: you have to know what your shooting for rights are thinking about, what you really believe in what you could fight towards that you would feel within turkey. We value can be incredibly important. Another character well really really important to stop efficacy and that this belief that you,

overcome obstacles to achieve your goals that, in that being in, my important not just for innovation, but for all kinds of productivity and well being, and we can increase up efficacy by giving people opportunities for early winds and also through using hero stories. Because our social animals and we learn what we are capable of by seeing what others are capable of. So when we read hero stories, it actually teaches us something about what we can accomplish ourself he I have That, apparently, do me no good. How do you know what are your court? Why can member phone numbers. I can member phone number since I was like for you, my phone number one. I was four years old. Are member phone numbers really easily? That does mean. Does me have now. I think you're, probably mistaken, that so the ability to work remember, phone numbers has to do with your memory and people who have optional memory follow paths of association out further, for instance, most people say volcano and they think lava.

Someone who has a really good memory might think lava heart. My trip to hawaii honolulu dead. They travel out further on paths with association, and that is a hugely beneficial thing to do. If you want to come up with creative ideas, will that's good to know so. The innovators that you look that would you say that these were especially cork? people, in other words where they just out of the park corky had all kinds of oddball eccentricities or were they just? regular, normal people who just happen to have a few quirks. I'd say that then in reason why you would think of these people is quirky goes back to this sense of separateness alive We are not there

well integrated socially and they don't adhered to social norms. So if you take some unlike steve jobs, he didn't wear shoes a lot of the time he didn't shower very much. He stared at people intensely without blinking. He didn't put a license plate on his car. He part and the disabled bought every single day. He was difficult person to get along with all of these works, actually coming from the same underline characteristic, which is this sense of separating did not feel like the rules that the rest of us are supposed to read that govern the rest of us applied to him that end up being really valuable for him being innovative, but it also made him socially awkward person. What about? I mean these people you're talking about these are. These captains of innovation. These are people who have accomplish things more. Of us will never accomplish, and yes, there clearly quirky an eccentric, but

Are they happy war or the one zero dead word? They happy where they satisfied with their life, because It sounds as if perhaps some of them- were all of them- were somewhat tortured by their quirking. Us yeah that other really wonderful question, and I'm so glad you asked that because so few people ask it. I think the answer to that is complicated. I think that a lot of us if we had lived their lives, we wouldn't be be right. A lot of them live their lives in a form of self imposed isolation, and they worked incredibly long hours, and you know a lot of them basically gave up time with their family. Marie curie gave her daughters over to her father in law to be raised and her daughters subsequently wrote, a biography about her. That said, basically, that, while they loved and a door respected their mother, they pined for her pension. They, MR they longed for her, and she responded. To her daughter and said. Look I know

the life I lead is not natural and it's not for everyone, but I did it because I loved defiance, though I think an answer, and there I think that for most of these people they did something they felt compelled to do they loved to work they loved to pursue this objective. They were driven to work there hard at doesn't mean the rest of us would want to live like that, and I dont think that all of us should aspire to be cereal breakthrough innovators. We can learn how to be more innovative by thinking about her but he's characteristics work, but we wouldn't necessarily tooth that elon musk lives a thought it'd. Anyone musk would choose the life that he lives today. Is he said that an interview once was wait a minute I'm not sure I, by that I mean where we all choose the life. We live mean yes, circumstances and random events change choices along the way, but in the kinds of things you're talking about. I mean you know you

and choose whether or not to wear the same clothes every day or you can choose whether or not to parking and he kept spot every day. I mean these are the kind of choices clearly are under your own control. You choose the light you live in the actions you take to a major degree what about einstein per minute cookies, someone that What about it? Probably the most, though precisely Marie curie expressed joy at working, hard and self imposed and being having self imposed isolation. She found that to be bliss and thomas edison said the thing and he was never happier than when I'm working. I think thomas edison, like a border collie, if you've ever have you ever met a border collie. It's a herding dog, so there's an expression about it among dog people you don't give a border collyer job, it will make up its own, and you won't like it I get is a dog is only happy

working you don't have to train at are rewarded it. The work is the reward enough itself and thomas edison was definitely like that. But but albert einstein wrote about his sense of detachment from p. And on the one hand he said he firmly, it made him an independent thinker and them to resist authority any and he despised any type of deference to authority. He thought that that was basically forfeiting. Our manatee. If we didn't think on our own, so he thought it was extremely important, but he also method, on the sense of alan Kali or the like of geniality that it also invade. So he was aware of both sides of it night. He was, he believed it was important to be alone, are eaten. about being a loner, because it was the only way to pursue truth, but he was also cognizant of the fact that it could be lonely,

Well, you said at the very beginning here that there is not a causal relationship. You you can't go out and just start being corky and expect to be a genius. But there does to be. This is really fascinating. Connection between quirky nests eccentricity and ingenious and and you've explained it well. Melissa schilling has been my guest. She is professor of management and organization at new york, university, stern, school of business and author of the book corky. There, remarkable story of the traits foibles ingenious of breakthrough innovators who changed the world and there's a link her book in the show, notes thanks melissa. Thank you. much has been talking with you, I'm more of a dog person than a cat person, but I, like cats, ida great cat growing up box. sir boxer had an extra toe on each of his front. Paws I remember one year, one day a box

just didn't come home. He just disappeared and then a couple years later? He just walked into the house, he went right to the kitchen sat down where his ball used to be and what to be fed. Anyway, I like at seven. In the u S, there are just about his many households with cats, as there are with dogs and and they're pretty fastened, creatures. No one knows that better than professor leslie lions. She the lions, feline genetic laboratory at the university of Missouri and is what you would call a true cat lover leslie, so you say that all cats from small little house cats up two big huge tigers, all identify as cats. What do you mean by that, while large perhaps whether it's a tiger or whether its little house can you know they still mark the house

the way the spray, though we use their claws, the same way they roll over in the sun and their mating habits are fairly similar and how they interact with one another cat. The cat is also very similar, so it's like your house cat is like having a little wild individual in your own home Why do you think that throughout history cats have been granted this kind of missing status. You know their worship to their review there. There mystical and dogs don't have that in all dogs have is goofy include a wire That's so why have they been so worshipped? Well, I think it's because of the cat themselves are not quite domesticated there still rather aloof. They are certainly a huge part of our lives, but some

they can just beyond the periphery and some one sees a wild animal on the periphery and it's very intriguing, and so you can have that cat just on the edge of the village but taking care of the road and population, and sometimes they come right into your living room, and I think all that mystique helped build some of the the folklore behind them, and I m really just watching a cat there, so graceful and agile it.

kind kind of watching moving artwork, so they're they're, just very revered all through his, but sometimes they ve had some bad times through history as well like whim of well. Certainly, we discuss some of the issues about the bubonic plague in the middle ages, when there was a lot trials for witches and they were associated, cats were associated with witches and hence they got persecuted, as along did many people, and so hence the reduction of the cats potentially help to allow the increase of the road and population which problem it helped to foster the bubonic plague, and so they've had their bad times in history as well. Well that that's a bad pr right there. He actually it's kind of amazing that they overcame that yeah and that's because

as they are so good at living in the wild. They really basically domesticated themselves and are not truly domesticated from the point of view that they absolutely need human beings, so they can go barrel very easily, take care of themselves, and so the population gets reduced. They can retract back into the wild increase their population again and then move back into the human environment were I've had cats, and I know plenty of people who have cats, and probably one of the things that is most distaste about having a cat how they so often you know come and leave. birds on the doorstep that they that's what they do? hats, go out and and chase pray and- and you can't really train that out of em right at and.

so I mean one of certainly the biggest reasons for cats to be in animal shelters is because of behavior problems and really the cat doesn't have a behavior problem. The cat's behavior is not conducive to our lifestyle, and so we need the behavior adjustment actually, but everything is a balance, and sometimes there are too many cats and sometimes there's cats where they shouldn't be such as in hawaii or austin

yeah, and you might have to really address that situation. Wait. What what why why shouldn't cats be in australia in hawaii cats are not indigenous to a lot of places and including the americas, but they they moved here with the emigrants. However, there's lots of both ground and tree birds in the united states, so but in hawaii, in Australia, most of the fauna there is actually ground based and so catherine. You just have decimated a lot of the bird populations and a lot of small mammal

populations in both of both those areas, and so there are some places where cats just shouldn't be, have you or has anyone you know looked at, you know what it is that makes cat people, cat people and dog people, dog people yeah, that's a good question, sometimes there's just either cat people or there's just dog people, and- and I think that is really personality based if you're a more. If you want an individual or a pet to be more dependent upon you, then then you're, probably a dog person where, if you just like the beauty of the cat,

and can tolerate that that individual is not going to really listen to you much and do their own thing a lot of times. Then you might be more of a cat person. Cat perched cats are certainly more independent, and so they don't need to have their walk every evening, and- and you know they have less separation, insight, anxiety problems, but- and you know so, I it really there's different personalities, peoples and there's there's different pets for different personalities, there's even different breeds that are good for different people. Some breeds are high. Wrong, like the abyssinian, very active cat, lots of action and some are more low key, like the persian. What would you say or some of the more fascinating aspects of cats, and perhaps for people who were- as this airily cat people. What is

that you five or that people who love cats, fine, so intriguing and wonderful, where I think really to stand back and look at a cat and realize what a merely perfect animal. This is as far as being at the top of its food chain

They have wonderful sense of hearing actually at higher ranges than dogs do so people think oh dog, dog, whistles dogs can hear very ultrasonic sounds well. Cats can even hear at higher ranges or because their prey admit sounds at that range and their sense of smell is also very keen on, but also a very keen sense of eyesight. So they have like a very excellent balance of all their senses, senses and then also they just have excellent balance. You can watch a cat walk across the edge of a fence and it's truly remarkable of how agile they are, and so to step back and and watch all these things in one animal is,

is quite remarkable and one of the fun things I think is interesting as when you see a brown tabby cat, that cat is not brown at all. If you actually pull out some of the cat spur the camps, furs bandit black, yellow black and so all the catch. You look out there and see that are brown. There really don't have brown pigment at all. It's a bitter, an optical illusion, so gray cats are actually all black pigment, but it's an The only solution that makes them of blue gray. Do cats have natural enemies? Are they pray for some other animal. Well, certainly, dogs can get a hold a cat and in the wild, any larger carnivore, but they're, pretty quick and I agile so sometimes cats and dogs can be added, are at odds, but usually cats are amongst the highest on the food chain and

Probably humans, are the most important predator to cats. At this point, it almost sounds as if cats aren't really domesticated that lead that they could survive in the wild. So are we as humans doing them a disservice by domesticating them put him in the house and shutting the door and keeping them inside all. I think some do quite pine living in the house in and my own cats at home. They have cat doors, they can come and go when they want and when I come home there there and they like being round that in the house they enjoy, I think, being with me, and so I think some cats have moved along the scale of evolution who being quite evolve to living in apartments from living in houses. So it's very cap dependent some current that you'll meet are, are not so friendly, but still you

well that a domestic cat where others you know you can't get them off your lap. So I think it's kind of the scale of the domestication process. I would imagine that to the non cat person to the untrained eye that you know, cats are cats. They are kind of do the same thing and they all kind of sit there on the couch and ages. Do that like themselves into that thing, but that they don't necessarily have these real, distinct personalities like a dog? Does and my guess is he is you-

Were you with that statement? Oh yes, certainly humming, that is, there is often arguments with any type of animal breeding. Why should you breathe cats? Because there are so many pharaoh cats are so many cats and shelters? Well, there are probably be less cats and shelters if you had behaviors that match, just as when you're picking your husband or wife or made your certainly picking a behaviour that you enjoy and you want to be around for the rest of your life. While the same applies to your your companion, animal and with different cats, different breed have different personalities and they suit different people. I like the middle of the road cap where some people like a higher action cat like the abyssinian or the or the findings

and other people, like the the more laid back cats and nice nice pet cats for your lap or burmese cats, they're just really pleasant cats to be around as well often when we talk about dogs, we talk about mutts in a random breeding There's no pedigree or anything is there an equivalent in cats? Yes, cats are certainly considered mud. Some people call them mcgee's or usually feral is the the word that gets used, but it all means the same thing: they're random, bread, their breeding on their own they're they're, making their mate choices and cats, probably a majority of cats throughout the world, and but certainly in the united states at the united states might have the highest percentage of fancy breed cats. But eighty ninety percent cats of the world are just random

barrel? Feral cap? Where dogs, we see a much higher percentage of fancy breed dogs as compared to my thoughts, but you do here the argument that much dogs big better pets because they don't have all the inbreeding and disease potential and medical. Problems that a pure bred might have is this. im, true with cats and yes that that certainly does apply. However, what you have to realize is with a feral cat. You have an unknown health situation, so you don't know you can't make any predictions, whether that cat will have a heart disease or kidney disease and and even random bred cats can have inherited problems. It's just that they're at a lower frequency, because they're, not inbred as much where, if you have a breed at least you can kind of predict what kind of health concerns and you can watch out for them, and

the way my job is to find the genetic mutations that cause health problems and cats are cats like humans living longer and healthier as more advances are made in in cat medicine. Yes, there there certainly the more there in the house certainly shown that cap that live in the house and under the protection of up humans, or at least in a safe, environment probably have a longer life span and cats pharaoh catch this living out in the park. That's because they're getting more consistent food and and then protected from really cats get into trouble when they start mating and start fighting in, and so you can get a lot of problems that way so once neutering, your animal is really great to do. Neuter stay your cap

that really improve thoroughly their lifespan, but on the contrary, we also see that, because their enjoying our, style they're starting to how our same health problems so asthma, diabetes, obesity, is rising in our cats, just as it is human beings, because we're at the computer too much? It sounds as if it almost sounds as if the cats could do just fine without us that the day don't need us, unlike dogs, which seem to be much more dependent on us. That's absolutely curl, and- I other than a few breeds that might have some traits that might not be conducive to being out in the wild and most cats probably can just go feral and they'll do just fine. Now, of course, it's going to depend on the environment, whether there's enough live game out. There are enough rats and mice and birds, but overall,

a cat can go fair one at a time. Tell me one more thing about cats that I probably dont know I'd say they have. It special sense organ up in the top of their palate. The Jacobson's pit which a few different animals have but mostly cats and that's when, ah, they can actually pick up smell on their tongue and they actually stick it up in this organ and- and you look at the add a cat and you'll say: hey it's grimacing or smiling. Well, it's actually sampling that odor and sticking it up and it's working. So it can actually get a better idea of what that smell. Actually is so dogs can't do that cap can well. I know a lot more about cats now than I did before. An upward and I've always understood the appeal. I get the appeal of of having a cat. I guess it in the beginning, a more of a dog person, but but it's

the interesting to hear a little more about them. Professor leslie lions has been my guest she The lions, feline genetic laboratory at the university of Missouri, she's a cat lover thanks leslie. life has a way of just sucking the joy right out of your day, if you're, not careful. So Here are some ways to fight back and be happy stew. Doing with a little love in the morning, We all know that sex is a natural mood booster, but morning. Sex is scientifically proven to give you an extra boost Researchers have revealed that those who begin their day this way release higher amounts of the feel good hormone. Oxytocin and that supplies. with a loving happy feeling all day, long, sleep on the left side of the bed, a study of three thousand people showed that those who slept on the left side of the bed tended

have a more optimistic outlook? Shorten you're commute in survey of four thousand people, those who commuted twenty minutes or less each way or less stressed and had significant. We better moods throughout the day. Finally, researchers from harvard in princeton, underwent a study in which they asked people to work. Television in fast forward and come with solutions to problems quickly, the research feel that fast thinking and fast watching and fast reading the feelings of elation with somebody subject saying they also felt a heightened sense of creativity and power when they thought this way. Exe. I suggest this is due to a high level of dope a mean a field hormone, which is released when we think faster, and that something you should know you know we have grew

advertisers on this programme. There all checked out there all great companies, and I hope you will consider supporting them and doing business with them, because to do that is to support this podcast and but running for a long long time. I microbes There's thanks for listening to date is something you should know. I come to talk about? The ultimate smuggle rewatch podcast below we have a lot of fans. We have a lot of people that watch the show. You have a lot of people that still watch some of the other ships with the cons are glorious, they're, awesome, they're, just loyal is the word. I guess I'm proud of the show so come on. Man smallville cause now everybody's like arrow, and this- and these are all great shows, I'm not knocking the shows. I'm just saying do you remember us before the social media may may may catch up with season one or start season, two on youtube or wherever you listen